Eusociality quiz

More questions about Eusociality

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1. 1 Easy

   How do specialized soldier aphids protect their plant galls from predators?

   Answer: Piercing intruders with sharp horns

   Why: Soldier aphids give up their reproduction entirely to guard their siblings, using frontal head horns to puncture ladybug larvae.

2. 2 Medium

   What environmental factor typically determines the caste of an ant larva?

   Answer: Nutrition

   Why: Nurse workers portion out every larval meal, so the colony, not the grub itself, decides which larvae grow into queens.

3. 3 Hard

   Which spider genus has the most social species?

   Answer: Anelosimus

   Why: Colonies of Anelosimus eximius can hold several thousand spiders, and 30 to 50 will gang up to subdue one large insect.

4. 4 Easy

   Which trait helps define a eusocial animal community?

   Answer: Cooperative care of offspring

   Why: In eusocial societies, individuals care for young that are not their own, often foregoing their own reproduction to help the colony.

5. 5 Medium

   Which insects are social cockroaches?

   Answer: termites

   Why: Their closest living relatives are Cryptocercus wood roaches, and amber 100 million years old already preserves termites with distinct castes.

6. 6 Hard

   In Hamilton's Rule ($rB > C$), what does the variable $r$ represent?

   Answer: Genetic relatedness

   Why: W. D. Hamilton published this inequality in 1964; r is 0.5 between full siblings and 0.125 between first cousins.